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博客 / 阅读约 7 分钟 · 2026-07-23

Gemini 提示词怎么写?新手提示词工程入门指南(附模板和范例)

写给新手的 Gemini 提示词工程入门:一套可复用的提示词结构,文字和图片提示词范例直接套用,再加一个每次只改一处的简单方法,让结果越来越稳定。

prompt-engineering beginners-guide gemini-basics prompt-templates

对新手来说,Gemini 提示词工程说白了就是:把任务、背景和想要的输出写清楚。先写一个简单的需求,看看 Gemini 给了什么,再每次只针对一处做修正。想要有用的结果,不需要什么秘诀措辞,也不需要长篇大论的提示词。

在 Gemini 里,提示词工程指什么

提示词就是你给 Gemini 的指令。提示词工程是一种实用习惯:把这条指令打磨好,让结果切题、拿来能用,也更容易继续改。

简单的请求,一句话说清楚就够了:

Explain photosynthesis in plain English for a 12-year-old.

细节多的任务,就得多给点方向。想要文章大纲、改写稿、学习指南或一张图,就告诉 Gemini 要做什么、做到什么样才算成。

一条靠谱的入门提示词,会回答这几个问题:

“写一条社交媒体帖子”太笼统。下面这版给了 Gemini 一个能照着做的需求:

Write a friendly 90-word Instagram caption for a small bakery's strawberry tart launch.

Include one call to action.
Do not use hashtags.

用一套可复用的提示词结构

不是随口一问就能解决的任务,可以用这个结构:

Task: [what you want Gemini to do]

Context: [background, facts, notes, or source material]

Audience: [who the result is for]

Requirements:
- [tone]
- [length or scope]
- [must-include points]
- [restrictions]

Output format: [headings, table, checklist, caption, etc.]

不用每次都把每一栏填满。结果显得泛泛而谈时,对照这个结构,很容易看出漏了什么。

文字提示词模板(直接复制)

Task: Write [type of content].

Context: [describe the topic, product, notes, or situation].

Audience: [describe the reader and their knowledge level].

Requirements:
- Tone: [tone]
- Length: [target length]
- Include: [key points]
- Avoid: [claims, words, or topics to exclude]

Output format: [specific structure].

下面是一个填好的示例:

Task: Create an outline for a blog post about keeping houseplants healthy in winter.

Context: The post is for a beginner gardening website. Cover light, watering, temperature, and common mistakes.

Audience: New houseplant owners.

Requirements:
- Tone: practical and reassuring
- Include 7 main sections
- Add a short checklist near the end
- Avoid unsupported claims and technical jargon

Output format: Use an H1, H2 headings, and bullet points under each heading.

让 Gemini 写出更好的文字

把 Gemini 需要的材料给它。手上有笔记、产品简介、草稿,或者已经核实过的调研资料,就贴进提示词里,并说明这些材料该怎么用。

把原始材料和指令分开

Task: Summarize the source material below in 5 bullet points.

Use only the source material.
Do not add facts, examples, or explanations from elsewhere.
If the source does not answer something, write "Not stated in the source."

SOURCE MATERIAL START
[paste your text or notes here]
SOURCE MATERIAL END

Output format: 5 bullets, followed by a separate list of statements that need independent verification.

做摘要、改写,以及任何准确性取决于所给材料的任务,都可以这么写。如果是在 Gemini 里上传文件而不是粘贴文字,指令也一样:只依据附件内容,附件里找不到依据的地方要标出来。

改一篇现成的草稿

Rewrite the draft below for clarity.

Keep the meaning and all factual claims unchanged.
Use shorter sentences where possible.
Remove repetition.
Keep the tone friendly but not casual.

Return the revised copy first, then list the 5 most important changes.

DRAFT START
[paste your draft here]
DRAFT END

发布前,事实、人名、链接、日期和引文都要自己核对一遍。文字再漂亮,也可能藏着错误。

实战示例:把模糊的提示词改成能用的大纲

假设你要写一份省买菜钱的大纲。

效果差的初版提示词

Create an outline about saving money on groceries.

这条提示词有好几个关键问题没交代:读者是给一家人做饭,还是只做自己一个人的?建议侧重优惠券、减少浪费,还是购物习惯?大纲要写多细?

换成这条更好的提示词:

Create a practical outline about saving money on groceries for people cooking for one or two adults.

Focus on meal planning, reducing food waste, comparing unit prices, and using leftovers.
Avoid coupon-heavy advice.
Include 6 H2 sections and a short weekly planning checklist.

For each H2, add 2 bullet points that explain what the section should cover.

符合这些要求的回答,大致会是这样:

## Plan meals around overlapping ingredients

- Choose meals that share perishable ingredients, such as herbs, greens, or yogurt.
- Build the plan around what you already have before adding new items to the list.

## Make a short shopping list

- List ingredients by store section to reduce impulse purchases and forgotten items.
- Buy quantities that match the number of meals you realistically plan to cook.

## Compare unit prices

- Compare the price per weight or volume instead of relying on package price alone.
- Check whether a larger package will be used before it expires or loses quality.

## Reduce food waste at home

- Store food where it stays visible, especially ingredients that need to be used soon.
- Set aside one meal each week for produce, leftovers, or opened pantry items.

## Use leftovers intentionally

- Cook extra portions only when you have a clear plan for storing and eating them.
- Turn leftovers into lunch, a grain bowl, soup, or a simple mixed dish the next day.

## Adjust your routine after each week

- Notice which groceries were unused and remove them from the next shopping list.
- Keep a few low-cost meals in rotation for busy days when takeout feels tempting.

Weekly planning checklist

- Check the fridge, freezer, and pantry before writing a list.
- Plan meals that use at least one ingredient you already own.
- Add one leftover meal to the week.
- Choose only the number of recipes you have time to cook.

改进后的提示词,把读者、必写的主题、不写的内容、结构和详细程度都定下来了。如果下一版结果还是太宽泛,就只提一项具体的改进,比如多给几道用家里存粮做的更省钱的菜,或者把清单写得更细。

用 Gemini 生图,提示词怎么写

图片提示词要写看得见的细节,效果才好。先写主体,再交代场景、构图、光线、风格,以及不想出现的元素。

生图功能和可调选项会因 Gemini 的界面、账号、地区和开放的选项而不同。“竖构图”(vertical framing)、“宽幅横构图”(wide landscape)这类说法能表达你的意图,但不一定能出精确的尺寸。

可以套用这个图片提示词公式:

Subject + action or pose + setting + composition + lighting + style + details to avoid

图片提示词模板(直接复制)

Create an image of [main subject].

Scene: [location, time, weather, background].
Composition: [camera distance, angle, framing, placement].
Lighting: [soft daylight, studio lighting, dramatic shadows, etc.].
Style: [photorealistic, editorial illustration, watercolor, product photo, etc.].
Details: [colors, clothing, objects, mood].
Avoid: [unwanted objects, text, logos, distorted features, clutter].

示例:产品图提示词

Create a clean product photograph of a matte black insulated travel mug on a pale stone kitchen counter.

Scene: bright modern kitchen with a softly blurred background.
Composition: close-up, vertical framing, mug slightly left of center, lid visible.
Lighting: soft natural morning light from the right.
Style: realistic editorial product photography.
Details: subtle condensation on the mug, neutral beige and gray palette, empty space above the mug for a headline.
Avoid: readable text, brand logos, extra cups, hands, clutter, warped lid details.

“Avoid”这一行有用,但不是万无一失。如果杯子没问题、背景却很乱,就保留原提示词,再补一句直接的修改指令:

Keep the mug, lighting, and composition unchanged. Replace the background with a simple softly blurred kitchen wall and remove all extra objects.

想找更多画面灵感,可以逛逛本站相关的图片提示词合集和修图指南,再把提示词结构套到自己的主题上。

小步迭代,逐步优化提示词

第一版提示词只是草稿。每次的结果都是一条反馈,告诉你 Gemini 还缺哪些信息。

  1. 按上面的结构,写一个清楚的初版提示词。
  2. 把输出和自己真正的目标对比。
  3. 找出最大的那一个问题。
  4. 加一条指令,专门解决这个问题。
  5. 先看修改后的结果,再决定要不要改别的。

一次改太多变量,就分不清到底是哪一处起了作用。如果图片主体对了、氛围不对,先改光线或风格,别急着把整条提示词推倒重来。

写 Gemini 提示词的常见错误

指令互相矛盾

像“在 250 字内写一篇完整又详细的指南”这样的提示词,本身就自相矛盾。先想好哪条要求更重要,再明明白白写出来。

没说输出格式

需要清单、表格、邮件、大纲、分级标题,或者固定的字数范围,就直接说。写了格式要求,结果往往马上就更好用。

要事实,却不安排核查

对事实准确性要求高的工作,用这条提示词:

List each factual claim in your answer. For each claim, show the supporting source material or label it "needs independent verification."

然后自己去查原始出处。回答说得再笃定,也不能当成证据。

不接着改,直接推倒重来

主体思路对、只有某一部分弱的时候,就在同一个对话里接着做针对性修改。真正换了一个任务,再开新对话。

常见问题

新手学 Gemini 提示词工程难吗?

不难。先说清任务,补上有用的背景,点明受众,再要求一个输出格式。之后靠一次次简短、具体的修改慢慢提高。

Gemini 提示词写多长合适?

细节写到能消除关键歧义就够了。简单问题可能一句话就行;内容需求或生图请求,可能要写好几行。

用完整句子,还是用关键词?

哪种清楚用哪种。目标和限制条件适合用完整句子写;较长的提示词,加上“Audience”“Output format”这类标签,扫一眼就能看清结构。

Gemini 能帮忙优化现成的提示词吗?

能。把原提示词贴进去,让 Gemini 找出缺了哪些背景、哪些指令互相冲突、哪些输出要求不清楚。只采纳符合自己目标的修改。

刚开始该练什么?

挑一个好坏容易判断的小任务,比如改写一段话、列一份清单,或者生成一张简单的图。反馈越明确,越容易养成迭代的习惯。

总结

对新手来说,Gemini 提示词工程就是两件事:先把需求讲清楚,再有针对性地修改。说明任务,给足 Gemini 需要的背景,定好输出形式,然后一步一步补上最大的缺口。好用的提示词结构记得存下来——一个靠谱的模板,比一次灵光乍现的提问有用得多。

想直接用现成的素材,可以看我们按这些结构写好的提示词合集:修图提示词、男性图片提示词,以及提示词库。